However, if we don’t get the recommended 8 hours of sleep each night, we do know that the impact on our health can be devastating. Carl Rosenberg 10 Effects of Long-Term Sleep Deprivationĭespite all decades of research, we still aren’t sure why our bodies need sleep. Strong beta waves are typical of wakefulness in healthy people and dogs, so are not a normal phenomenon during sleep-again indicating that dogs with CCDS sleep less deeply.Dr. In contrast, dogs with poorer memory had more pronounced fast beta waves, between 15.75 and 19 Hz. "The reduction in slow oscillations in people with Alzheimer's, and the associated reduced removal of these toxins, has been implicated in their poorer memory consolidation during deep sleep." "In people, slow brain oscillations are characteristic of SWS and linked to the activity of the so-called 'glymphatic system,' a transport system that removes protein waste products from the cerebrospinal fluid," said Olby. The results showed that dogs with higher dementia scores, and dogs who did better on the detour task, took longer to fall asleep and spent less time sleeping, and this was true for both NREM and REM sleep.ĭogs with poorer memory scores showed changes, such as fewer slow oscillations in their electroencephalograms, during REM sleep, indicating that they slept less deeply during this phase. 26 (93%) dogs entered drowsiness, 24 (86%) entered NREM sleep, while 15 (54%) entered REM sleep. These measurements lasted up to two hours, but were stopped if the dogs became anxious, attempted to leave the room, or removed the electrodes. Alejandra Mondino (a postdoctoral fellow in Olby's research group) and colleagues performed a polysomnography studies in a quiet room with dim light and white noise in a "sleep clinic." The dogs were allowed to spontaneously take an afternoon noon nap, while electrodes measured their brain waves, the electrical activity of the muscles and heart, and eye movements. For example, in the "detour task," a dog had to retrieve a treat from a horizontal transparent cylinder by accessing it from either end-this task is then made more difficult by blocking off her or his preferred side so they have to show cognitive flexibility to detour to the other end of the cylinder. The researchers then performed a series of cognitive tests on the dogs, to measure their attention, working memory, and executive control. The researchers also examined the dogs for possible orthopedic, neurological, biochemical, and physiological co-morbidities.īased on the results, eight dogs (28.5%) were classified as normal, while another eight (28.5%), four (14.3%), and eight (28.5%) had mild, moderate, or severe CCDS, respectively. Their owners were asked to fill in a questionnaire about their canine companions, to rate the severity of symptoms of CCDS like disorientation, poor social interactions, and house soiling. Olby and colleagues studied 28 female and male senior mixed- and full-breed dogs between 10.4 and 16.2 years of age, which corresponds to between 81% and 106% of their average lifespan, depending on size. Natasha Olby, a professor of veterinary neurology and neurosurgery at North Carolina State University. "Our study is the first to evaluate the association between cognitive impairment and sleep using polysomnography-the same technique as used in sleep studies in people-in aged dogs," said senior author Dr. The results are published in Frontiers in Veterinary Science. These dogs thus sleep less and less deeply. Now, scientists have shown that the same reduction in sleep time and delta brain waves occurs in dogs with the canine equivalent of dementia, canine cognitive dysfunction syndrome (CCDS).
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